IEEE Smart Grid Research: Control Systems : VisionControls RefModel:2013

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The Smart Grid is a system of distributed systems whose domains span the more traditional
domains of bulk generation, transmission, distribution, consumers, markets, and power
electronics, with the growing penetration of relatively newer domains such as renewables, electric
vehicles, and demand-response-compatible loads. Smart Grid control enables prescriptions for
interconnections and interactions among these traditional and emerging domains at the right
instants, at the right locations, and in the right manner (Figure 1). The combined expertise of
control engineers and scientists will ensure that appropriate loops are closed, optimal set points
and supervisory commands are generated, and desired goals of resiliency, renewables integration,
reliability, security, and empowerment of consumers are met [i.e., to realize a Smart Grid vision
(Figure 2)].
Starting with the planning stages of markets, and following the path of the electron all the way
from generation to the end user—and increasingly in reverse as well—several problems with
achieving the desired set criteria and objectives have to be solved in an automated and optimized
manner. The Smart Grid will be a holistically and pervasively closed-loop system; control will be
central in the grid landscape (Figure 3). The underlying physics, the interconnection topologies,
and the dynamic interactions among various domains will inform control algorithms and
architectures (Figure 4). The challenge is to identify the most dominant features of these physics,
interconnections, and interactions (e.g., control-oriented models), as well as to determine the most
efficient, effective, and resilient control solutions. For Corporate or Institutional Access, request a custom quote for your organization at www.ieee.org/smartgridresearch

efficient, effective, and resilient control solutions.